Forsyte–Edwards notation
Forsyte — Edwards Notation
Chess notation — a system of symbols used to record individual moves, an entire game, or a single position.
- algebraic,
- digital,
- descriptive,
- at Udemann,
- Forsyte — Edwards notation.
The most common is algebraic notation.
Algebraic Notation
Algebraic notation — the most commonly used method of recording moves in chess games. Algebraic notation is the official notation of FIDE, and therefore must be used in all recognized international competitions in which people play.
A chessboard cell is identified by a pair of unique coordinates — a letter and a number. Vertical columns of cells (verticals) are numbered a through h from left to right on the white side. Horizontal rows of cells (horizontals) are numbered 1 through 8, starting on the white side.
Descriptive notation
Descriptive notation is considered more complex than algebraic notation. It is used in some English-speaking and Spanish-speaking countries.
According to the rules of this notation, the ranks of the chessboard are not designated by the first letters of the Latin alphabet, but by the initial letters of the names of the pieces on them in the initial position (for example, the rank "d" is designated by the Latin letter "Q" (queen)). If necessary, the ranks "a", "b", "c" are prefixed with the prefix "Q" (queen flank), and the ranks "f", "g", "h" are prefixed with the prefix "K" (king flank). The ranks are designated by Arabic numerals from 1 to 8. Unlike algebraic notation, where the count of ranks starts from white, in descriptive notation each player starts counting ranks from himself. Each cell has two different coordinates — from the perspective of white and from the perspective of black.
Digital Notation
Digital notation — a method of recording a chess game using numbers. It is used in international correspondence competitions. It was first proposed by I. Savienkov as a code for transmitting moves by telegraph and successfully tested in the Krasnoyarsk-St. Petersburg match (1886-1887). It is accepted as mandatory in ICCF competitions.
When using digital notation, each cell is denoted by a two-digit number. All verticals and horizontals are numbered starting from the lower left cell of the chessboard. Thus, the coordinate of a cell consists of the vertical and horizontal coordinates. For example, the cell «e4» in digital notation will have coordinates «54».
A move is recorded as a four-digit number, the first two digits of which indicate the cell from which the piece moved, and the last two digits - the cell to which the piece moved. When castling, the king's move is indicated. When transforming a pawn that has reached the eighth (first) rank, another digit is added to the pawn's move, indicating the piece into which the pawn is transformed: 1 - queen, 2 - rook, 3 - bishop, 4 - knight.
Any comments, strong or weak move marks, checkmate, check, and other marks are not used.
The Udemann Code
The designation of chessboard cells by a combination of a vowel and a consonant letter of the Latin alphabet. It was proposed by the American chess player L. Oudeman (1882). It is used in telegraph and radio competitions.
The radio or telegram indicates the chess squares of the piece's movement (for castling - the king's movement)
Consider the Forsyth — Edwards Notation or FEN (Forsyth–Edwards Notation):
a type of chess notation commonly used to describe the current position (e.g., for textual representation of a chess problem), which is very common among computer versions of chess and checkers.
The notation was proposed in the second half of the 19th century by the Scottish chess player and journalist David Forsyth.
David Forsyth
(English: David Forsyth, 16 May 1854, Olness, Ross-shire, Scotland — 30 December 1909, Dunedin, New Zealand) — Scottish lawyer, chess player and chess organizer. He was a solicitor (assistant lawyer) in the Supreme Court of Scotland. He developed the chess notation, which is now called Forsyth-Edwards. He emigrated to New Zealand, became the country's chess champion in 1901. He was the author of what is believed to be the world's first column dedicated to Go (in the New Zealand newspaper Otago Witness in 1902—1903).
Stephen James Edwards
(February 7, 1957 – October 1, 2016) - American computer scientist, B.A. and M.A. in mathematics, and chess programmer. Stephen Edwards coordinated and specified the PGN and EPD standards, as well as the FEN position description . In 1994, he introduced a format for a database of checkmate distance tables, called the "Edwards Table Database". He is the author of several chess programs and tools: Spector, Symbolic, the Chess in Lisp (CIL) package, the portable ChessLisp interpreter, and the Chess for Arduino Mega and Chess in Pascal CookieCat projects. Stephen Edwards was actively involved in the Perft calculations, where he computed and verified the perft of the starting position to depth 13, which is now available in the online encyclopedia of integer sequences.
Stephen Edwards died on October 1, 2016, at the age of 59, at his home in Raymond, New Hampshire, just a few weeks after the death of his father, James Edwards, who introduced him to chess.
Rules:
- The arrangement of the pieces on the white side. The position is described by numbers and letters starting from the eighth row and ending with the first. The arrangement of the pieces on the row is written from left to right, the data for each row is separated by a slash /. The white pieces are indicated by capital letters. K, Q, R, B, N, P — respectively, white king, queen, rook, bishop, knight, pawn. k, q, r, b, n, p — respectively, black king, queen, rook, bishop, knight, pawn. The designations of the pieces are taken from the English version of algebraic notation. The number specifies the number of empty squares on the row, the count is made either from the left edge of the board or after the piece (8 means an empty row).
- Active side: w — next move belongs to white, b — next move belongs to black.
- Castling possibility. k — towards the kingside (short), q — towards the queenside (long). White is indicated by the big ones. Impossibility of castling is indicated by «-».
- Possibility of capturing a pawn on passage. Passing square is indicated, otherwise «-».
- Half-move counter. The number of half-moves that have passed since the last pawn move or piece capture. Used to determine whether the 50-move rule applies.
- Move number. Any position can be assigned any positive value (default 1), the counter increases by 1 after each black move.
Example:
- Starting position of the game: rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq — 0
- 1rnbqkbnr — arrangement of figures on the 8th horizontal from left to right,
- / — separator,
- pppppppp — arrangement of figures on the 7th horizontal,
- 8/8/8/8 — empty 6-3 horizontals,
- PPPPPPPP — arrangement of figures on the 2nd horizontal,
- RNBQKBNR — arrangement of figures on the 1st horizontal,
- w — White's next move,
- KQkq — short and long castlings are possible for white and black,
- (-) if there was no previous move by a pawn two squares and the square through which the pawn moved 2 squares forward, if there was such a move, there were no last moves without capturing or pawn movements
- (0),next 1st move (1).
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